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=Ptolemaeus Peak Heights=
 
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      <td width="50%"><h2 align="left">Ptolemaeus Peak Heights</h2></td>
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  <td width="50%"><h2 align="right">March 4, 2004</h2></td>
 
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        [images/LPOD-2004-03-04.jpeg <IMG SRC="images/LPOD-2004-03-04.jpeg" NAME="main_image" width="470" height="425" border="0">]</div>
 
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[[File:LPOD-2004-03-04.jpeg|470x425px|link=[[Media:LPOD-2004-03-04.jpeg]]]]
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<table width="100%"  border="0" cellpadding="8">
 
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      <td><div align="center" span class="main_sm">Image Credit:  NASA Chart LM 77</div></td>
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<td><div align="center" span class="main_sm"><p>Image Credit:  NASA Chart LM 77</p></div></td>
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</table>
 
</table>
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  </p>
 
 
<table class="story" border="0" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" width="90%" cellpadding="10" align="center"><tr><td>
 
<table class="story" border="0" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" width="90%" cellpadding="10" align="center"><tr><td>
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<p class="story" align="center"><b>Ptolemaeus Peak Heights </b></p>
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  <p class="story" align="center"><b>Ptolemaeus Peak Heights </b></p>
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<p class="story" align="left">
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Lunar observers, long impressed by lengthy shadows of [[March_3,_2004|peaks]], have often  
−
  <p class="story" align="left">
+
speculated on the their heights. Galileo used shadow lengths to estimate peaks heights, and Schroter, Madler  
−
        Lunar observers, long impressed by lengthy shadows of [LPOD-2004-03-03.htm peaks], have often  
+
and especially Schmidt determined a few thousand peak heights and crater depths this way. Shadow measurements at  
−
        speculated on the their heights. Galileo used shadow lengths to estimate peaks heights, and Schroter, Madler  
+
the telescope require great care, and are susceptible to systematic error. As part of my job in the early 1970s  
−
        and especially Schmidt determined a few thousand peak heights and crater depths this way. Shadow measurements at  
+
of directing the daily work of cataloging the Moon with Lunar Orbiter photos I also measured many shadows.  
−
        the telescope require great care, and are susceptible to systematic error. As part of my job in the early 1970s  
+
Similar techniques (but mechanized) of measuring feature positions on Apollo 16 Metric stereo photographs were  
−
        of directing the daily work of cataloging the Moon with Lunar Orbiter photos I also measured many shadows.  
+
used by the US Defense Mapping Agency to produce maps with 300 m contours. This excerpt from map LM 77 -  
−
        Similar techniques (but mechanized) of measuring feature positions on Apollo 16 Metric stereo photographs were  
+
Ptolemaeus (1:1m; 1978) shows the same area as in yesterday's [[March_3,_2004|LPOD]]. A larger,
−
        used by the US Defense Mapping Agency to produce maps with 300 m contours. This excerpt from map LM 77 -  
+
unmarked version can be seen by clicking on this image. Now, with these contours and spot heights we can determine  
−
        Ptolemaeus (1:1m; 1978) shows the same area as in yesterday's [LPOD-2004-03-03.htm LPOD]. A larger,
+
more accurately than ever before the heights of peaks rimming Ptolemaeus. Accepting 6900 m (relative to the  
−
        unmarked version can be seen by clicking on this image. Now, with these contours and spot heights we can determine  
+
average radius of the Moon) as the average level of the relatively flat floor of Ptolemaeus I have determined the  
−
        more accurately than ever before the heights of peaks rimming Ptolemaeus. Accepting 6900 m (relative to the  
+
following peak heights above that floor:
−
        average radius of the Moon) as the average level of the relatively flat floor of Ptolemaeus I have determined the  
+
<BR><BR>
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        following peak heights above that floor:
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<CENTER><TABLE CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 BORDER=1>
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        <BR><BR>
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<TR BGCOLOR="GRAY"><TD><CENTER>Peak</CENTER></TD>
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      <CENTER><TABLE CELLSPACING=2 CELLPADDING=2 BORDER=1>
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<TD><CENTER>LM 77/CAW</CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR BGCOLOR="GRAY"><TD><CENTER>Peak</CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER>Neison</CENTER></TD>
−
                                      <TD><CENTER>LM 77/CAW</CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER>Schmidt</CENTER></TD>
−
                                      <TD><CENTER>Neison</CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER>
−
                                      <TD><CENTER>Schmidt</CENTER></TD>
+
W&amp;M
−
                                      <TD><CENTER>
+
</CENTER></TD>
−
                                        W&amp;M
+
</TR>
−
                                      </CENTER></TD>
+
<TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">alpha</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    </TR>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1810 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">alpha</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">910 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1810 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1327 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">910 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1327 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
</TR>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">gamma</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    </TR>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2945 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">gamma</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1830 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2945 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1830 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
</TR>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">lambda</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    </TR>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1635 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">lambda</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1220 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1635 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1220 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
</TR>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">mu</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    </TR>
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<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2370 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">mu</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1220 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2370 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1220 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
</TR>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">eta</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    </TR>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2740 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">eta</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2740 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">3267 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2743 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">3267 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
</TR>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2743 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">theta</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    </TR>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1500 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">theta</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">1500 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
</TR>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">nu</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    </TR>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2710 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">nu</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">2710 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
</TR>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">epsilon</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    </TR>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">900 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                    <TR><TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">epsilon</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">900 m</FONT></CENTER></TD>
+
<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
−
                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
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<TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
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                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
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</TR>
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                        <TD><CENTER><FONT COLOR="BLACK">&nbsp;</FONT></CENTER></TD>
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</TABLE>
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                    </TR>
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</CENTER>
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                </TABLE>
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<BR>
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      </CENTER>
+
Comparing peak heights I determined using the LM 77 chart with values reported by Neison in 1876 and Schmidt in  
−
        <BR>
+
1878 shows a systematic under-estimation of Neison's values. It is perplexing that his values are as much as 50%  
−
        Comparing peak heights I determined using the LM 77 chart with values reported by Neison in 1876 and Schmidt in  
+
less than the modern values; Schmidt's two heights are 500 m too high and 500 m too low. However, in Wilkins &amp;  
−
        1878 shows a systematic under-estimation of Neison's values. It is perplexing that his values are as much as 50%  
+
Moore's 1955 The Moon, the only height given is eta at 9000 ft which equals nearly exactly the modern value!
−
        less than the modern values; Schmidt's two heights are 500 m too high and 500 m too low. However, in Wilkins &amp;  
+
Someone needs to write a program that will allow amateurs to routinely measure heights from their own ccd images.
−
        Moore's 1955 The Moon, the only height given is eta at 9000 ft which equals nearly exactly the modern value!
+
</p>
−
        Someone needs to write a program that will allow amateurs to routinely measure heights from their own ccd images.
+
<p class="story"><b>Related Links:</b><br>
−
</p>
 
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<p class"story"><b>Related Links:</b><br>
 
−
 
 
 
[http://www.seds.org/billa/psc/theman.html Ptolemy - the Man]<br>
 
[http://www.seds.org/billa/psc/theman.html Ptolemy - the Man]<br>
 
[http://www.tass-survey.org/classes/phys236/moon_mount/moon_mount.html Height of Lunar Mountains]<br>
 
[http://www.tass-survey.org/classes/phys236/moon_mount/moon_mount.html Height of Lunar Mountains]<br>
 
[http://digilander.libero.it/gibbidomine/tolo.htm Identification of suspect features in Ptolemaeus crater (domes?)]
 
[http://digilander.libero.it/gibbidomine/tolo.htm Identification of suspect features in Ptolemaeus crater (domes?)]
 
</p>
 
</p>
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<p><b>Yesterday's LPOD:</b> [[March 3, 2004|Ptolemaic Sunset]] </p>
−
  <p class"story"> <b>Tomorrow's LPOD:</b> What's All The Excitement About Mars?</p>
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<p><b>Tomorrow's LPOD:</b> [[March 5, 2004|What's All The Excitement About Mars?]] </p>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<p align="center" class="main_titles"><b>Author & Editor:</b><br>
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[mailto:tychocrater@yahoo.com Charles A. Wood]</p>
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<!-- Cleanup of credits -->
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<!-- Cleanup of credits -->
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<!-- Cleanup of credits -->
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<!-- Cleanup of credits -->
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      <td>
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<!-- Cleanup of credits -->
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  <p align="center" class="main_titles"><b>Author & Editor:</b><br>
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<!-- Cleanup of credits -->
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      [mailto:chuck@observingthesky.org Charles A. Wood]</p>
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<!-- Cleanup of credits -->
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      <p align="center" class="main_titles"><b>Technical Consultant:</b><br>
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</tr>
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      [mailto:anthony@perseus.gr Anthony Ayiomamitis]</p>
 
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      <p align="center" class="main_titles"><b>[mailto:webmaster@entropysponge.com Contact Webmaster]</b></p>
 
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      <p align="center" class="main_titles"><b>A service of:</b><br>
 
−
      <a class="one" href="http://www.observingthesky.org/">ObservingTheSky.Org</a></p>
 
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      <p align="center" class="main_titles"><b>Visit these other PODs:</b> <br>
 
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      <a class="one" href="http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html">Astronomy</a> | <a class="one" href="http://www.msss.com/">Mars</a> | <a class="one" href="http://epod.usra.edu/">Earth</a></p></td>
 
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<p>&nbsp;</p>
 
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Latest revision as of 19:13, 7 February 2015

Ptolemaeus Peak Heights

link=Media:LPOD-2004-03-04.jpeg

Image Credit: NASA Chart LM 77

Ptolemaeus Peak Heights

Lunar observers, long impressed by lengthy shadows of peaks, have often speculated on the their heights. Galileo used shadow lengths to estimate peaks heights, and Schroter, Madler and especially Schmidt determined a few thousand peak heights and crater depths this way. Shadow measurements at the telescope require great care, and are susceptible to systematic error. As part of my job in the early 1970s of directing the daily work of cataloging the Moon with Lunar Orbiter photos I also measured many shadows. Similar techniques (but mechanized) of measuring feature positions on Apollo 16 Metric stereo photographs were used by the US Defense Mapping Agency to produce maps with 300 m contours. This excerpt from map LM 77 - Ptolemaeus (1:1m; 1978) shows the same area as in yesterday's LPOD. A larger, unmarked version can be seen by clicking on this image. Now, with these contours and spot heights we can determine more accurately than ever before the heights of peaks rimming Ptolemaeus. Accepting 6900 m (relative to the average radius of the Moon) as the average level of the relatively flat floor of Ptolemaeus I have determined the following peak heights above that floor:

Peak
LM 77/CAW
Neison
Schmidt

W&M

alpha
1810 m
910 m
1327 m
 
gamma
2945 m
1830 m
 
 
lambda
1635 m
1220 m
 
 
mu
2370 m
1220 m
 
 
eta
2740 m
 
3267 m
2743 m
theta
1500 m
 
 
 
nu
2710 m
 
 
 
epsilon
900 m
 
 
 


Comparing peak heights I determined using the LM 77 chart with values reported by Neison in 1876 and Schmidt in 1878 shows a systematic under-estimation of Neison's values. It is perplexing that his values are as much as 50% less than the modern values; Schmidt's two heights are 500 m too high and 500 m too low. However, in Wilkins & Moore's 1955 The Moon, the only height given is eta at 9000 ft which equals nearly exactly the modern value! Someone needs to write a program that will allow amateurs to routinely measure heights from their own ccd images.

Related Links:
Ptolemy - the Man
Height of Lunar Mountains
Identification of suspect features in Ptolemaeus crater (domes?)

Yesterday's LPOD: Ptolemaic Sunset

Tomorrow's LPOD: What's All The Excitement About Mars?

Author & Editor:
Charles A. Wood

 

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