map from LAC 95; image from Frederic Mallmann, submitted by Jean-Louis Leroy, France
The most accurate lunar maps ever made were likely those in the Lunar Aeronautical Chart (LAC) series of the mid-1960s. These were hand-drawn based on the best astronomical images available (including tens of thousands specifically taken for it at Pic du Midi in France), augmented by visual observations with the Lowell Observatory 24″ and Lick Observatory 36″ refractors. And yet, a quick comparison of the LAC map showing Werner with the image reveals many differences. Few convincing arguments can be made that the map is right. I see two ways in which the map is defective. First, it simplifies complex topography - look at the details of wall terraces or floor roughness. Also notice the crater pits on the south rim - they aren’t there, but the faint topo was interpreted in terms of familiar shapes. Second, the sizes of craters tend to be larger than in reality. The first defect is because the brain does simplify, finding patterns, sometimes when none exists (think martian canals). The second problem is also common - when concentrating on something (like the tiny bright crater on the north rim) we tend to see it larger than it really is. Recognizing how this generally good map departs from reality, is there any doubt that every purported change on the Moon based on comparisons of drawings made at different dates is inherently untrustworthy?
Related Links:
Rükl plate 55
For more views of Werner click here
Fredric Mallmann’s website
Yesterday's LPOD: A New Era of Lunar Exploration!
Tomorrow's LPOD: Banishing Lines, Pt. 2
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