https://www2.lpod.org/index.php?title=January_14,_2020&feed=atom&action=historyJanuary 14, 2020 - Revision history2024-03-29T09:48:57ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.31.1https://www2.lpod.org/index.php?title=January_14,_2020&diff=44903&oldid=prevApi: Created page with "__NOTOC__ =Before the CCD= Originally published August 2, 2010 <!-- Start of content --> <!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:1:<h1> --> <!-- ws:start:WikiTextLocalIma..."2020-01-14T09:04:10Z<p>Created page with "__NOTOC__ =Before the CCD= Originally published August 2, 2010 <!-- Start of content --> <!-- ws:start:WikiTextHeadingRule:1:<h1> --> <!-- ws:start:WikiTextLocalIma..."</p>
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=Before the CCD=<br />
Originally published August 2, 2010<br />
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<em>still life by [mailto:rosenfel@chass.utoronto.ca Randall Rosenfeld], Toronto, Canada</em><br /><br />
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Some early drawings of the Moon were made with crayons. Here are modern versions of tools for such drawings according to John Russell (1772) (from the left):<br /><br />
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<strong>tortillons, or stumps</strong> - two of these are shown, rolled from parchment (bovine source) and secured with thread. The tortillon is used either to disperse a pigment on the page, or blend multiple pigments together once laid down.<br /><br />
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<strong>porte-crayons</strong> - three of these are shown, made from plated copper-alloy and hard wood. The porte-crayon is a holder for pigments. The first carries a dark-sanguine crayon (non-oil-based pastel), the middle one holds a black crayon, and the last a white crayon.<br /><br />
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<strong>quill knife</strong> - hand-made from carbon steel and hardwood. This was used for shaping and sharpening the crayons, correcting mistakes in the drawing, or for &quot;levelling&quot; irregularities on the page (the levelling is the only technique I haven't tried!).<br /><br />
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<strong>pin</strong> - made from steel. Used to touch-up details by precisely removing small bits of crayon from the image.<br /><br />
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<strong>blue-grey tinted paper</strong> - made from 100 percent cotton. This has a copy of the 1675 drawing of the Mare Orientale Complex copied from Patigny's 1675 drawing, made with the instruments shown in this still life.<br /><br />
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<strong>rag</strong> - linen. Used for blending pigments, or for preliminary cleaning of tools and fingers!<br /><br />
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<strong>porte-crayon</strong> - another form of porte crayon, made from reed cane (arundo donax), from Provence. It holds a light-sanguine crayon.<br /><br />
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<strong>bread(!)</strong> - for erasing pigment. It would be employed much as an eraser is used today by a modern artist. If the selenographer was really hungry, and had good teeth...<br /><br />
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<strong>note-book</strong> - limp-vellum binding, with pages of hand-made paper. This could be used as a log-book, or for general sketching. It's a speculative reconstruction of a small 17th-century observer's book.<br /><br />
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<em>[mailto:rosenfel@chass.utoronto.ca Randall Rosenfeld]</em><br /><br />
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<strong>Technical Details</strong><br /><br />
Photo from &quot;Paris 1675: The Earliest Known Drawing of the Mare Orientale Complex&quot; by William Sheehan, Françoise Launay and Randall Rosenfeld (in press in the <em>Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada</em> (English) and in <em>l'Astronomie (SAF)</em> (French)).<br /><br />
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<strong>Related Links</strong><br /><br />
John Russell's <em>Face of the Moon</em> pastel [http://www.andrewgrahamdixon.com/archive/readArticle/71 drawing]<br /><br />
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<p><b>Yesterday's LPOD:</b> [[January 13, 2020|How Thick Are the Alps?]] </p><br />
<p><b>Tomorrow's LPOD:</b> [[January 15, 2020|Undesired, but Pretty Atmospheric Optics]] </p><br />
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